Swiss Made is a label used to indicate that a product is made in Switzerland.
Starting 2017, the legal criteria are:
- For food products: 80% of the weight of essential raw materials and processing should be done in Switzerland.
- For industrial products: 60% of production costs and important production steps should be made in Switzerland.
- For service: corporate headquarters and administration should be located in Switzerland.
Video Swiss made
Overview
His words were officially adopted in the late nineteenth century and are unique because most other countries use the phrase "Made in (Country Name)". The most obvious place where the label was found was a Swiss watch. Swiss law allows the use of the words "Suisse", "produit suisse", "fabriquÃÆ' Â © en Suisse", "qualitÃÆ' Â © suisse" or translation, "Swiss", "Swiss Made", or "Swiss Movement". In some older watches, for example, the word "Switzerland" appears alone on the dial at six o'clock.
There are two separate parts of Swiss law that deal with the use of the Swiss name created. The first law, which applies to all types of Swiss products, is the Loi sur la protection des marques (LPM). The LPM in Article 50 authorizes the endorsement of the second law, Ordonnance du 23 dà © Ã… © caembre 1971 rÃÆ'  © glant l'utilisation du nom Ã,  «Suisse» pour les montres, particularly related to Swiss watches. The legal text is either available in French, German or Italian, since it is the main official language in Switzerland.
Maps Swiss made
Swiss watch
Currently the Swiss legal standards mentioned above make it possible to supervise a brand or watchmaker to label Swiss Made watches under certain circumstances legally laid down. These standards have changed over time and are not necessarily codified in national law, so older watches that have Swiss Made signs do not necessarily meet the current legal definition. On the other hand, they may go beyond the current definition of Swiss law. Indeed, the current legislation on Swiss adoption was codified on December 23, 1971.
Swiss watch
The Ordinance governs the use of the "Swiss" name on the watch first defines the "clock" (as opposed to the clock) by its motion dimension. Thereafter, the law defines the Swiss clock, which its definition relies on certain aspects of its movement. The law then proceeds to determine in what situations the watch movement can be considered Swiss-made. The law then sets out the requirements for the use of Swiss names on watches, on watch cases, on watch movements, on watches and on replacement parts. In short, watches are considered Switzerland whose movements are wrapped in Switzerland and whose last control by the Industrial d'horlogerie takes place in Switzerland. The legal standard for "Swiss-made" use on watches is a very minimum standard, and Swissness watches rely heavily on brand and reputation. The Swiss watch industry has not yet reached agreement on the specific definition of Switzerland made, as some companies prefer tougher regulations and others prefer to include lower-cost external components. The Swiss Federal Council modified the rules governing the use of the name "Switzerland" for watches in 1995. This revision is described in a press release entitled On the Outside for Watches .
Swiss Made is defined by law
Swiss Clock
Watches are considered Swiss, in accordance with Swiss law if:
- the movement is Swiss and,
- the movement was closed in Switzerland and;
- the manufacturer carries out a final check in Switzerland
Swiss watch movement
Movement watch is considered Switzerland if:
- the movement has been assembled in Switzerland and,
- the movement has been checked by the manufacturer in Switzerland and;
- Swiss manufacturing account components account for at least 50 percent of the total value, regardless of the cost of assembly. Starting January 1, 2017, the law sets a minimum of 60 percent.
If the watch movement is aimed at exports and will not be pawned in Switzerland, but if it does not meet the criteria to be considered a Swiss movement, the clock may say "Swiss Movement" but may not say Swiss Made in watch cases. or contact. Watches that say "Swiss Quartz" are considered the proper Swiss watches. However, it is often incorrectly used by foreign manufacturers to simply show that quartz movement originates in Switzerland.
60% rule for Swiss watches
The use of Swiss Made labels for watches was covered by the Federal Council's regulation dated December 29, 1971. Swiss standards are often degraded as a 60% Rule. However, it has a base in the real-life economy. Again, the law only sets minimum standards. The well-known or well-known rules of the Swiss Order have, for a number of years, been the subject of much criticism, especially in the industry, as too loose, but also among the law, where the view is that no longer fully fulfills the legal mandate prescribed in the law. a companion law on trademarks (SR 232.11).
It is generally not known that some Swiss companies have watches assembled in China for export to North America, Asia and even Europe, where brand names are more important than "Swiss-made" labels. Such watches may consist of Chinese chassis and Chinese crystals, dial and metal bracelets made in Taiwan and Japanese hands. If the movement is considered Swiss, 51% of its value should be Swiss and at least the last wheel should be added in Switzerland. Swiss watch brands without "Swiss-made" labels are usually equipped with Japanese movements. The "Swiss part" label means that the movement is assembled in Asia using a kit comprising at least part of a Swiss-made component.
From time to time in 2003 and more specifically in 2007, efforts were made to strengthen the definition of "Swiss-made." These efforts are usually spearheaded by the Federation of Swiss Fine Jewelry Industry (FH) of a trade organization. 30 companies have opposed attempts in which the Swiss IG lobby group is created. Many are afraid to share their identities but Ronnie Bernheim, co-CEO of Mondaine, has been blatant on the matter, and defends "Swissness more as a promise than a physical manifestation." Mondaine admitted that he used a call and a non-Swiss case even though Bernheim had refused to reveal their home country.
1995 legal amendments
The Swiss Federal Council modified the rules governing the use of the "Swiss" name for watches in May 1995. This was said to bring the requirements of the Swiss rubric watch industry like the one in the European Union. In essence, the revisions made it possible to put "Swiss-made" indications on foreign watches and phones intended to supplement Swiss watches. A Swiss watch is considered a Swiss movement, whose movements are wrapped in Switzerland and whose last control by the manufacturer takes place in Switzerland. In contrast, Swiss component manufacturers destined for foreign watches have since been given the authority to clearly show that their products are from Switzerland. This innovation is intended to improve transparency related to product sources. Consumers are expected to clearly recognize from which country various constituent parts of the watch come. However, the revision was not intended to reduce the protection of the "Swiss made" name. Indeed, the high requirements imposed by Swiss watches are said to remain unchanged.
Strengthen efforts
In 2007, FH plans to seek political action on proposals that introduce new aspects to the Swiss definition made, in the form of value criteria.
Thus, every mechanical hour in which at least 80% of the production cost is due to the operations performed in Switzerland will be considered a mechanical Swiss clock. For other watches, especially electronic watches, this figure will be 60%. Technical development and prototype development also need to be done in Switzerland. Raw materials, precious stones and batteries will be removed from production costs. The Swiss movement in existing regulations already has a value criterion, that is 50% level. Considering that here too, the definition needs to be strengthened, the draft changes the criteria of this value. For mechanical movement therefore, the rate will be at least 80% of the value of all constituent parts. For other movements, especially electronic movements, this figure will be 60%. The technical development and prototype development in Switzerland will also be a requirement in this case. The draft also sets out other provisions on the definition of Swiss constituent and assembly parts in Switzerland.
Real-life economy
A minimum rate of 60% is not randomly selected: it corresponds to the rate used in free trade agreements between Switzerland and the European Union. In addition, with an 80% rate, FH proposes to place special emphasis on mechanical clocks. With this proposal, the objective in terms of protecting Made Made labels should be achieved. The proposed criterion also considers the place of manufacture and the origin of the component, thereby complying with the law on trademarks that serve as the legal basis of the Swiss Ordinance. However, it will be up to the FH General Meeting to reach a final decision on this issue.
Other products
The most popular item so far has a "Swiss-made" label is a Swiss watch. Almost all Swiss watchmakers, with the exception of Breitling, labeled their watches clearly on the connection. By convention, the words are fully capitalized, positioned at the bottom of the face, separated by a half-hour indicator where available, curving along the underside as necessary. Watches made in other countries usually show their home country on the back of watches, except for very few well-known high-end manufacturers. In addition to watchmakers, Swiss software companies mark their software with "swiss-made" software labels to certify the origin of their products.
Principles
In principle, the names "Switzerland," as well as titles such as "Switzerland", "Swiss quality", "Swiss-made", "Swiss-made" or others containing Swiss names may only be used for products manufactured in Switzerland. This also applies to the translation of one of these terms to another language.
Terms
Conditions for using "Switzerland" or "Switzerland" for products are defined very commonly in the Trademark Act as follows: The origin of the goods is determined by the place of manufacture or by the origin of the basic materials and components used. The Federal Council may determine such conditions if justified by general economic interest or by the interests of each sector.
Controversy
Until now, this has only been done - after a long debate over the highly controversial interests of the clock sector - in a "Swiss-made" fashion for watches (Ordinance Watch). In addition to this rule, very few court opinions about the topic can be found; in particular, the Commercial Court ruling. Gallen which states the value of the Swiss portion of the cost of production including raw materials, sub-assemblies, accessory parts, salaries, and general manufacturing costs but excluding operating costs, must be at least 50% and a "significant manufacturing process" in Switzerland.
Important manufacturing process
Exactly how an "important manufacturing process" should be understood has been illustrated by the following two examples:
Swiss scarf
For the weaving shawl is considered a product of Swiss origin because of the special coatings that have been received in Switzerland that strain the fabric (although this is clearly an important characteristic of quality) is insufficient. In the eyes of the customer, the quality of the woven fabric is an important characteristic of the product whose fabric can only be indicated as of Swiss origin if it is actually woven in Switzerland.
Swiss Pen
In the pen, nib is an important element. But the quality of the pen is also mainly dependent on the quality of other parts. According to experience, more improvements are made on the stand than on the nibs for the pen. For this reason, consumers not only pay attention to the quality of the pen but also the quality of the holder (the feed system, the inking system). That is why parts of the pen are not considered part of a subsidiary. Thus, a pen may not be marked as a Swiss product if only pens are manufactured in Switzerland.
Swiss court interpretation of "Swiss Made"
The current law contains only very commonly formulated conditions that must be met to use 'Swiss-made' designation. With the exception of watches, there are no concrete criteria of when and by whom 'made in Switzerland' designation can be affixed to a product and when it can not. The exact criteria have been developed by individual cantonal courts until now.
The product, however, is sold which is not 100% made in Switzerland. In such cases, the actual practice of law is based on the rules laid down in Article 48 of the Trademark Law and the decree of 1968 issued by the St. Gallen, reaffirmed in 1992. This court ruling outlines the terms for legal use of the term "Swiss Made" and the same title, especially for goods not manufactured in Switzerland as a whole. In the relevant section the case law states:
Products are considered Swiss products if their products are fundamentally local or if they are actually manufactured in Switzerland. In the case of products that are only partially produced in Switzerland, the rules apply that the Swiss part of the production cost (including basic materials, intermediate products, accessories, wages and production costs outside the distribution cost) must be at least 50% the only criterion for determining the origin of a Swiss product. The origin of essential components and manufacturing processes through which a product derives its characteristics, and - in cases of limits or doubts - the origins of intellectual property embodied in the product and the specific circumstances of the industry shall also be incorporated into consideration.
Thus, there are two conditions that must be met in order for the goods to be legally labeled as Swiss origin:
- The Swiss part of the production cost should be at least 50 percent (until 1 January 2017, then 60 percent).
- The most important part of the manufacturing process is sure to happen in Switzerland.
"The most important part of the manufacturing process" is part of the process that produces a completely new product. The decisive factor here is that the original characteristics of the goods are lost through the manufacturing process, and the possibility of applying the goods is different from the basic ingredients of foreign origin used in its manufacture. In addition, the origin of goods is determined by the place where they are produced, not where the idea of ​​producing these items is conceived. A product manufactured in Switzerland under a foreign license will still be from Switzerland, while products manufactured abroad using Swiss recipes or Swiss methods will still come from abroad.
Final analysis
Defining the term 'Swiss made' has been grouped in the Swiss watch industry. There is a difference of opinion about what the term means among the owners of various Swiss watch brands. The main point is that the current law, rather than defining Swiss hours, only sets minimum standards. Swissness watches rely heavily on the brand and its reputation.
See also
- Control country of origin
- Country of origin
- US-made
- Made in Germany
References
External links
- Official FH website
- Overview of "Swiss Made" from Swiss Watch Industry Federation September 8, 2005
- Swiss Made - Propose Strengthening March 21, 2007
- Strengthening Swiss Made - Step One Reached June 28, 2007
- The Strongest Brand Encryptor of Switzerland Famous Brand
- Tissot: The Power of Industry March 22, 2005
- Letter from France: Swiss Made - Europeans threaten Switzerland with economic war July 1, 2005
- Recent update on Swiss watch movement
Source of the article : Wikipedia
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