A cilice , also known as a reddish sack , was originally a garment or underwear made of abrasive or animal hair (a < t-shirt ) is used close to the skin. It is used by members of various Christian traditions (including some communicant Anglican, Catholic, Lutheran, Methodist, and Scottish Presbyterian Churches) as a means of repentance and purification of the flesh; it is often worn during the Lenten Christian season of Lent, especially on Ash Wednesday, Good Friday, and other Friday of the fresh season.
Cilices are originally made of sack cloth or coarse animal hair so they will irritate the skin. Other features added to make cilice more uncomfortable, such as thin wires or twigs. In a circle of modern religion, cilices are just tools used for the same purpose.
Video Cilice
Etymology
This word is derived from the Latin cilicium , a cover made of goat hair from Cilicia, a Roman province in Northeastern Southeast Asia. The first famous use of the Bible from this exact term is in the original Latin Vulgate of Psalm 35:13, "Ego autem, cum mihi molesti essent, indilebar cilicio." This is translated as hair in Douay's Bible, and as in sack in King James Version and the Book of Common Prayer ( "But for me, when they are sick, my clothes are sackcloth. " in the King James Bible). The sack is often mentioned in the Bible as a symbol of mourning and repentance, and may be a form of a nightgown. Sackcloth can also mean jute. However, the sackcloth of the Bible is usually made of coarse black sheepskin.
Maps Cilice
Use
There is some evidence, based on the analysis of both clothing represented in the art and preserved skin trace pattern in ÃÆ'â € Å" atalhÃÆ'¶yÃÆ'¼k in Turkey, that the use of children precedes written history. This finding has been mirrored in GÃÆ'¶bekli Tepe, another Anatolian site, which shows the widespread cilice making. Ian Hodder argues that "self-injurious clothing is an essential component of the catalogoritual cultural shackles, which represent 'cleansing' and 'light'."
To show deep repentance, it is customary in biblical times in Judaism to wear a hair (sackcloth) as a sign of repentance and redemption (Gen. 37:34, 2 Samuel 3:31, Esther 4: 1), but not to cause harm on oneself, which is forbidden in Judaism. In the Christian Bible, the prophets of Elijah and John the Baptist wore sackcloth woven from "horse's hair, and the coarse fur of camels and goats." Such clothing or jewelry has been used at various times in the history of the Christian faith, to kill the flesh or as a penance for self-adornment. Made of abrasive cloth, generally woven from goat hair, and worn close to the skin, they will feel very itchy.
Thomas Becket wore a hair when he was martyred. Patrick is said to be wearing a cilice, Charlemagne is buried in a shirt, and Henry IV, Holy Roman Emperor and King of Germany, famously wore one on Walk to Canossa during the Investigative Controversy. Prince Henry the Navigator was found wearing a shirt at the time of his death in 1460. They have been used for centuries in the Catholic Church as a mild form of body redemption, such as fasting. St. Francis of Assisi, St. Ignatius Loyola and St. Therese of Lisieux is known to have used it. In modern times they have been used by Mother Teresa, St. Padre Pio, and Pope Paul VI. The Carmelite monastery of St. Francis. Teresa di Livorno, Italy, a celibate Opus Dei member (about 30% of the membership), and the Franciscan Brother and Sister of Immaculate Conception continue the use of the recluse of the cilice. According to John Allen, an American Catholic writer, his practice in the Catholic Church is "broader than many imaginers imagine".
Several high Anglican Churches, including Edward Bouverie Pusey, wear hair shirts as part of their spirituality. In the Scottish Presbyterian Church, influenced by the evangelical resurrection, the penitents wore sackclothes and were summoned in front of the pulpit, where they were asked to confess their sins.
It was commonly used in monasteries and monasteries throughout history until the 1960s, and has been endorsed by the pope as a way of following Christ, who died in the bloody crucifixion and who gave this advice: "Let him deny himself, take his cross daily and follow me. "Advocates say that the contradiction to regret is rooted in having lost (1) the" great sense of sin "or the transgression of God, and the penance, both within and without, (2) the idea of" wounded human nature "and of desire or the tendency to sin, and thus the need for "spiritual battles"; and (3) a spirit of sacrifice for love and "supernatural purposes", and not just for physical enhancement.
In some Methodist churches, on Ash Wednesday, the communicants, along with receiving ashes, also receive a piece of sackcloth "as a reminder of our own sinful ways and the need for repentance".
In popular culture
In Dan Brown's novel The Da Vinci Code, one of the antagonists, an albino numerary named Silas associated with the religious organization of Opus Dei, wore a cilice in the form of a thorny chain around his thigh. This sensational depiction in the novel has been criticized for its inaccuracies in subsequent books and by Opus Dei himself, who issued a press release that responded to the film's portrayal of the practice, claiming "In fact, they cause a level of discomfort quite low in proportion to fasting. blood, no injuries, no harm to one's health, nothing traumatic, and if it causes any harm, the Church will not allow it. "
In the MoliÃÆ'¨re drama,
Marvel Comics character Robbie Baldwin assigns a suit with 612 internal nails to represent everyone who died in the explosion that made him feel responsible, so he will be reminded of their pain in everything he does.
In Gustave Flaubert's "The Legend of St. Julian the Hospitaler", Julian wore a hair shirt with iron nails to do penance for the murder of his father.
In the novel Flannery O'Connor Wise Blood, protagonist Hazel Motes was discovered by the owner to wear barbed wire around his body after he blinded himself. He also discovered that he had traveled for miles every day with small stones and glasses at the bottom of his shoe.
In the George R. R. Martin series A Song of Ice and Fire, members of the militant branch of Faith of the Seven known as Warrior's Sons and Poor Fellows generally wear hair shirts. The High Septon designated in A Feast for Crows known as High Sparrow also wears one.
In the US television series WGN America Salem , Improved Mather is shown by wearing metal cilice in season 1, episodes 10 and 11.
In Hilary Mantel's Wolf Hall, Sir Thomas More wears a hair shirt as repeatedly mentioned by the narrator, Thomas Cromwell.
In The Nun , Suzanne's main character, when pressed to wear a cilice by a new superior mother, hurriedly threw it into the fire.
In Ken Follett's The Pillars of the Earth some characters, including Thomas Becket, are portrayed as wearing hairshirts.
In The Walking Dead , the priest, Gabriel, in season 5 mentions the making and wearing a hair shirt to atone for sin.
BRAKE. released the song "Hairshirt" on their 1988 album Green .
Birthday Party released the song "The Hair Shirt" on their 1980 album The Birthday Party .
In Barenaked Ladies song "What a Good Boy", singer Steven Page sings about a hair shirt.
Pile released an album in 2017 called "A Hairshirt of Purpose".
In Philippa Gregory's novel Katherine of Aragon novel and some other characters are portrayed as wearing a hair shirt. In his book "Three Sisters, Three Queens" King James IV of Scotland wears a cilice consisting of a "metal ring ring at his waist."
In Parks and Recreation, Ron Swanson mentions a hair shirt when Leslie is being interrogated by government officials.
See also
- Fasting
- Hessian
- Sackcloth
References
- Allen Jr., John (2006). Opus Dei: An Objective Objective Behind the Myth and Reality of the Most Controversial Power in the Catholic Church . Dual Days.
External links
- The Catholic Encyclopedia on hairshirts
- In Latin cilicium (with photo of a haircirt 16c)
- Suffering and Holiness in the Catholic Church The Importance of Redemption and Forgery for those who want to become Catholic Saints
Source of the article : Wikipedia
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