Pickup truck

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pickup trucks are light duty trucks with closed cabin and open cargo area with low sides and tailgate. After the work tool with some comfort, in the 1950s, consumers started buying pickups for lifestyle reasons, and by the 1990s, less than 15% of owners reportedly used the job as a primary pickup truck destination. Today in North America, pickups are mostly used like passenger cars and account for about 18% of total vehicles sold in the US.

The retrieval of the term is of unknown origin. It was used by Studebaker in 1913 and in the 1930s, "pick-up" (hyphenated) has become a standard term. In Australia and New Zealand, "ute", short for utility vehicle, is used for both pickup and coupÃÆ' Â © utilities. In South Africa, people from all language groups use the term bakkie , which is small from the tub , Afrikaans for the bowl/container, because of the similarity of the cargo area with the bowl and the container..

Video Pickup truck

History

In the early days of making cars, vehicles were sold only as chassis, and third parties added bodies on it. In 1913, Galion Allsteel Body Company, an early developer of pickup and dump trucks, built and installed a transport box on a modified Ford Model T chassis, and from 1917 on the TT Model. Looking for part of this market share, Dodge introduced a 3/4-ton pickup with cabins and entirely wooden bodies in 1924. In 1925, Ford followed up with a Model T-based, steel-bodied, half-ton with adjustable tailgate and rear springs heavy duty. Billed as "Model Ford T Runabout with Pickup Body", sold for US $ 281 ; 34,000 built. In 1928, it was replaced by Model A which has a windshield enclosed, safety glass, roll-up side windows and three-speed transmission. In 1931, Chevrolet produced its first factory-made pickup. Ford Australia produced the first "ute" of Australia in 1932. During the Second World War, the United States government stopped the production of private pickup trucks.

In the 1950s, consumers began buying pickups for lifestyles rather than utilitarian reasons. Cars, such as refined, fenderless trucks were introduced, such as the Chevrolet Fleetside, the Chevrolet El Camino, the Dodge Sweptline, and in 1957, the Ford-made Styleside. Pickup starts displaying convenience items like power and AC options. Trucks became more passenger-oriented with the introduction of cabin crew at Toyota Stout and Hino Briska, introduced in 1962. Dodge was followed by a crew taxi in 1963, Ford in 1965, and General Motors in 1973.

In the United States, from 1963 onwards, protectionist chicken taxes have distorted the light truck market for American producers, beginning with essentially stopping the import of Volkswagen Type 2, and effectively "squeezing Asian trucking companies smaller than the American pickup market." Since then, for more than half a century, Detroit has successfully lobbied the US government to enforce light truck tariffs, thereby reducing pressure on Detroit to introduce fewer vehicles of pollution and offering improved fuel economy.

The 1973 Corporate Fuel Economy Diversity Policy (CAFE) government set higher fuel economy requirements for cars than pickup. CAFE leads to station wagon replacement by minivan, the latter being in the truck category, which enables it to comply with less stringent emission standards. Finally, this same idea leads to the promotion of SUVs (sport utility vehicles). Pickup, unhindered by emission control regulations on cars, began to replace the muscle car as a performance vehicle of choice. The Dodge Warlock appears in Dodge's "adult toy" line, along with Macho Power Wagon and Street Van. Gas lighter taxes, which tax the fuel-inefficient cars when excluding truckloads, further distort the market for pickup.

In the 1980s, the Mazda B-series compact, Isuzu Faster, and Mitsubishi Forte appeared. Furthermore, American manufacturers built their own compact pickups for the domestic market: Ford Ranger, and Chevrolet S-10. Minivans make inroads into the pickup market share. In the 1990s, pickup market share increasingly eroded by the popularity of SUVs.

In 2017, Chinese manufacturer Kawei launched the Kawei EV7 as the first full-electric pickup truck.

Maps Pickup truck

International markets

While the Ford F-150 has been the best-selling vehicle in the United States since 1982, the Ford F-150, or full-sized pickup truck, is a rare sight in Europe, where high fuel prices and very narrow city roads make it difficult to use every day. In America, pickups are favored by cultural ties to styles, low fuel prices, and taxes and regulations that distort the market for domestically-built trucks. In 2016, the IRS offers tax breaks for "any vehicle equipped with a cargo area... at least six feet in interior length not easily accessible from the passenger compartment".

In Europe, pickups represent less than 1% of light vehicles sold, the most popular being the Ford Ranger with 27,300 units sold in 2015. Other models include Renault Alaska (Nissan Navara reinforced), and Toyota Hilux.

Full-sized Pickup and SUVs are an important source of revenue for GM, Ford, and FCA's Ram, accounting for more than two-thirds of their global pretax revenue, although vehicles account for only 16% of North American vehicle production. Vehicles have high profit margins and high prices, with 40% of Ford F-150s sold for US $ 40,000 or more.

The NOx Act prevents pickups from being imported into Japan, but the Japanese Domestic Market of Mitsubishi Triton is available. In China (where is known as English loan as ??? pÃÆ'k? Ch?) Great Wall Wingle is produced domestically and exported to Australia. In Thailand pickups are produced for local sales and exports including Isuzu D-Max and Mitsubishi Triton. In Latin America and South America, Toyota Hilux, Ford Ranger, VW Amarok, Dodge Ram, Chevrolet S-10, Chevrolet D-20, and Chevrolet Montana are sold.

In South Africa, pickup accounts for about 17% of passengers and light commercial vehicle sales, mostly Toyota Hilux, Ford Ranger, and Isuzu KB (Isuzu D-Max). Volkswagen Amarok and Nissan Navara are also on sale.

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Design and features

In the US and Canada, almost all new pickups are sold with automatic transmissions. The Ram that features the Cummins diesel is the only full-size pickup truck available with a manual transmission. It has an ultra-low first gear ratio for heavy hauling. Chevrolet Colorado, Nissan Frontier, and Toyota Tacoma are available with clutch; Ford is just automatic.

A regular taxi has one row of seats and one set of doors, one on each side. An extended or super cab pickup adds extra space behind the main seat, sometimes including a small chair. The first long cab truck in the US was called Cab Club and was introduced by Chrysler in 1973 about the Dodge pickup truck. The crew's cabin, or double cabin, can accommodate five or six and has two hinged front doors on either side. The first cabin crew truck in the US was made by the International Harvester in 1957, and then followed by Dodge in 1963, Ford in 1965, and Chevrolet in 1973.

Cabin or cabin front design has a cab that is on the front axle. An early, drop-sided early pickup is the Volkswagen Transporter, introduced in 1952. This configuration is more common among European and Japanese manufacturers than in North America, as this style allows longer cargo areas for the same overall length. Its designs were more popular in North America in the 1950s and 1960s, for example including Chevrolet Corvair Rampside and Loadside, Dodge A-100 and A-108, Ford Econoline, and Jeep FC-150 & amp; FC-170.

Cargo beds can vary in size according to whether the vehicle is optimized for cargo utility or passenger comfort. Most have fixed sidewall and hinged tailgate. Cargo beds are usually found in two styles: step-side or side-fleet. A step-side bed has a fender that extends outside the cargo area. A side-armada bed has a wheel-well inside the bed. The first side-fleet truck was the 1955 Chevrolet Cameo Carrier. The early trucks had wooden board beds, which were replaced by steel in the 1960s. Some European-style trucks use drop-sided beds with flat trays with hinged panels up on the sides and the back.

A pickup with four rear wheels instead of two is called "dually", which is capable of carrying more weight over the rear axle and is often used to carry heavy loads, camping, or supporting a fifth-wheeled trailer.

Vehicles similar to pickup include:

• The utility coupÃÆ' Â © has a shape like a pickup truck, but is based on a car platform. The South African term bakkie and the Australian term "ute" also refer to the coupÃÆ'Â © ut utility.
• Sports utility truck (SUT), comes from a SUV or a crossover with four doors and an open bed. Examples include Cadillac Escalade EXT, Chevrolet Avalanche, Ford Explorer Sport Trac, Honda Ridgeline, Hummer H2 SUT, SsangYong Actyon Sports, and Hummer H3T

In the American domestic market, pickups are generally categorized as:

• Brief: Introduced in the United States in the 1960s, the compact pickup has a smaller footprint, and may have a four-cylinder engine.
• Full-size, or half-ton: In the United States, the best-selling type is full-sized, or half-ton. It carries the designation of "1500" in the case of Chevrolet Silverado, GMC Sierra, and Ram, and "150" in Ford's terminology.
• Heavy duty: Heavy duty throw is set at 2500, 3500 (or F-250, F-350), and so on.

The terms half-ton and three-quarters-ton are the remnants of the time when the amount refers to the maximum cargo capacity by weight.

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Usage for pickup truck

While in the United States and Canada, most pickups are used primarily for passenger transport, agriculture, and commercial use, pickups are also used in law enforcement, military, fire-fighting services, and for pickup truck racing, a form of auto racing using most pickup version modifications on an oval track. The pickup truck is mechanically similar to a racing car in the form of a coupÃÆ'Â ©.

Monster trucks are vehicles arranged after pickup trucks, but with very large wheels and suspensions. They are used for popular sports competitions and entertainment, and in some cases they are featured with motocross racing, mud bogging, interesting tractors and car-eating robots.

Equipping pickup trucks with camping skin provides a small living space for camping. Sliding-in truck camping, though, gives the pickup truck facility from a small motorhome, but still allows operator removal options and independent use of the vehicle.

Some diesel-powered pickups are modified to produce more diesel exhaust, a process described as rolling coal. Changes are designed to produce highly polluted pollution emissions and include deliberate removal of particle filters, and install smoke switches and smoke piles. Mods can cost anywhere from $ 2,000 to $ 5,000.

The modified pickup can be used as an improvised and unlabeled fighting vehicle called technical.

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See also

• List of pickup trucks in current production
• van panel
• Truck classification

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References

Source of the article : Wikipedia